Genetic Essentialisim and Embroy Identitiy.

This is a difficult position to defend, even from a standpoint to embryonic identity. However this situation only worsens when we begin to consider things other than embryo’s. It seems difficult to suggest that a persons identity is constituted by his genome and whenever there is a mutation or alteration in it occurs then his identity changes. This seems strange, if this was the case then our identity would change regularly, I would not be the same person on a regular basis. Admittedly Zohars attempts to limit his claims to embryo’s but even here there appears to be problems. Yes he is right in that if a small portion of genetic material is changed or mutated from one moment to the next with and embryo that the embryo’s are no longer strictly identical, in the sense that everything about them is the same. Almost everything about them is identical to what it was previously, they are continuous spatio-temporally and are still perform the same functions as they did previously.As with persons changes, even some quite radical changes, such as the loss of limbs or sight do not by themselves change a persons identity from what it was previously.

Genetic Engineering can cope with diversity...

Personally, I think the content in this article is highly controversial and it will be something that is argued about for decades. Even as the science becomes available, I do not think that it will be accepted. Both of the therapies discussed in the article are, in my opinion, opening a can of worms. The germ line therapy is the one that I believe has more ramifications. The idea is that you can essentially alter all of the genetic “errors” in an unborn child. The problem is who will decide what the errors really are. Some will view the errors as the serious and life threatening diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Down syndrome. What about the people that view a certain race as a genetic error? Are we really going to allow the elimination of a race because someone views it as an error? Another part of the article that really struck a nerve was the decision of the parents to alter their unborn child. The fact that if they decide not to alter their child it would be considered as child abuse or as a heinous crime really bothers me. It is a parent’s decision whether or not to change their child.

Genetic engineering effects in the decision making role of a child...

If we are to believe the conception that children are simply miniature adults and have rights commensurate with this, then we are doing a disservice to both parents and children and putting unnecessary strain on the parent/child relationship. It does mean however that at least for a number of years, it is the parents who are in the decision-making role for the child, it is not until the child begins to speak and be able to express their wishes on certain things that negotiation with respect to the child’s wishes can even begin. Of course as the child matures and their ability to formulate and express their wishes and desires increases, then it makes sense that they should be allowed to have more input into their life choices, as they are after all the ones that have to live with these choices.

Is Genetic Engineering emphasis safety of a child…?

The motivation behind Montague’s concern in his paper is one of safety of children, from the obvious possible abuses of parents’, which he believes is or would be more prevalent under systems construing the relationship between parent and child in terms of parental rights. He quotes cases such as the 1982 “baby doe” case, the incident with the Branch Davidians at Waco and the “baby Jessica” adoption case as examples of the sorts of problems that can arise from a system based on parental rights. Montague says with respect to these cases that “if the parents involved in them are exercising parental rights, then it would appear that they have rights to act in ways that are detrimental to their children a result that is problematic at best.” One straightforward answer to the problem Montague raises is that in the cases he has outlined above, and in other cases of abuse and neglect, the parents may have overstepped the boundaries of their rights. Not many people would attempt to elucidate a theory of parental rights, or the parent/child relationship, where their parent had absolute and inviolable rights of the child. This view would be very similar if not identical to the ownership view that was discussed earlier and this view is one that is clearly not an appropriate model of the parent/child relationship.

Genetic engineering and IQ of a child

We will consider and example that shows how the distinctions discussed above can be used in order to show that at least one genetic intervention that has been traditionally viewed as an enhancement is acceptable. Take the example of parents who wish to increase the IQ, or at least the potential IQ of their child,given that this wish is not in response to the child having an IQ that falls which places them in the malady category. This intervention unlike the others discussed does not appear to have a negative effect on the choices or conceptions of the good life available to child in question although this is not the view held by Schonfeld, however her claims with respect to this will be answered shortly. This is because regardless of the life plan that the child decides is appropriate for themselves it seems as if it will go better if they have a higher level of intelligence, as they will be better equipped to deal with the challenges of life and better able to consider the choices available to them with regards their development of a life plan. Some may argue that this is incorrect, and this is the position taken by Schonfeld. She uses two examples to illustrate her point, namely increased quickness and dexterity and more importantly for the discussion her increased intelligence. Schonfeld suggests that while on the surface these enhancements would appear to be “at least permissible according to our fiduciary role, if not specifically required by it” this is not the case. The first issue that Schonfeld raises is ‘what happens if Sarah does not like soccer.” He says that this may be detrimental to Sarah, because even though she doesn’t like soccer, her parents have invested time and money in her having certain skills and therefore there will be more pressure on her that on a non-enhanced child to utilize those skills to their best advantage. As well as this the parents disappointment with her not fulfilling the expectations they had for her may have a detrimental effect on family life, leading to an unhappy environment in which to grow and mature.

Today’s Gene therapy approach in genetic engineering…..

Current gene therapy move towards to assure to avoid these repetitive injections which be capable of be hurting and painful, unrealistic, and enormously costly. Single technique uses a new-fangled vector that is called adeno associated germ an organism that has reasons of that but not familiar with the infection and doesn't activate patient resistant retort. The gene carrier takes up residence in the cells which then put across the corrected gene to produce the protein.
Hemophilia in the light of bio-technology…..
Here hemophilia treatments, for example, a gene-carrying vector could be injected into a muscle, prompting the muscle cells to produce Factor IX and thus prevent bleeding. This method would end the need for injections of Factor IX --a derivative of pooled blood products and a potential source of HIV and hepatitis infection. Patients have not needed Factor IX injections for more than a year. In gene therapies such as those described above, the introduced gene is always "on" so the protein is always being expressed, possibly even in instances when it isn't needed.
A newer change in the vector contains together the protein-producing gene and a type of molecular rheostat that would respond to a capsule to control gene appearance. This might show to be one of gene therapy's the majority helpful functions since scientists commence to think it in a lot of additional circumstances.
Conclusion:
Potential objectives in the area are to verification of thought in the subsequently not many years in replica inborn diseases which is gone behind by cancer and cardiovascular diseases sustained quick-tempered action in technological progress and improvement of regulatory strategy for the foodstuff and remedy supervision which will be helpful in commercial growth.